Midwest Bureau Archives - 素人色情片Health News /topics/states/midwest-bureau/ Fri, 17 May 2024 12:49:37 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.5.3 /wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/kffhealthnews-icon.png?w=32 Midwest Bureau Archives - 素人色情片Health News /topics/states/midwest-bureau/ 32 32 161476233 The Lure of Specialty Medicine Pulls Nurse Practitioners From Primary Care /news/article/nurse-practitioners-trend-primary-care-specialties/ Fri, 17 May 2024 09:00:00 +0000 /?post_type=article&p=1851622 For many patients, seeing a nurse practitioner has become a routine part of primary care, in which these “NPs” often perform the same tasks that patients have relied on doctors for.

But NPs in specialty care? That’s not routine, at least not yet. Increasingly, though, nurse practitioners and physician assistants are joining cardiology, dermatology, and other specialty practices, broadening their skills and increasing their income.

This development worries some people who track the health workforce, because current trends suggest primary care, which has counted on nurse practitioners to backstop physician shortages, soon might not be able to rely on them to the same extent.

“They’re succumbing to the same challenges that we have with physicians,” said Atul Grover, executive director of the Research and Action Institute at the Association of American Medical Colleges. The rates NPs can command in a specialty practice “are quite a bit higher” than practice salaries in primary care, he said.

When nurse practitioner programs began to proliferate in the 1970s, “at first it looked great, producing all these nurse practitioners that go to work with primary care physicians,” said Yalda Jabbarpour, director of the American Academy of Family Physicians’ Robert Graham Center for Policy Studies. “But now only 30% are going into primary care.”

Jabbarpour was referring to the 2024 primary care scorecard by the Milbank Memorial Fund, which found that from 2016 to 2021 the proportion of nurse practitioners who worked in primary care practices hovered between 32% and 34%, even though their numbers . The proportion of physician assistants, also known as physician associates, in primary care ranged from 27% to 30%, the study found.

Both nurse practitioners and physician assistants are advanced practice clinicians who, in addition to graduate degrees, must complete distinct education, training, and certification steps. NPs can practice without a doctor’s supervision in more than two dozen states, while PAs have similar independence in only a handful of states.

About 88% of nurse practitioners are certified in an area of primary care, according to the . But it is difficult to track exactly how many work in primary care or in specialty practices. Unlike physicians, they’re generally not required to be endorsed by a national standard-setting body to practice in specialties like oncology or cardiology, for example. The AANP declined to answer questions about its annual workforce survey or the extent to which primary care NPs are moving toward specialties.

Though data tracking the change is sparse, specialty practices are adding these advanced practice clinicians at almost the same rate as primary care practices, according to frequently cited research .

The clearest evidence of the shift: From 2008 to 2016, there was a 22% increase in the number of specialty practices that employed nurse practitioners and physician assistants, according to that study. The increase in the number of primary care practices that employed these professionals was 24%.

Once more, the by the Association of American Medical Colleges predict a dearth of at least 20,200 primary care physicians by 2036. There will also be a shortfall of non-primary care specialists, including a deficiency of at least 10,100 surgical physicians and up to 25,000 physicians in other specialties.

When it comes to the actual work performed, the lines between primary and specialty care are often blurred, said Candice Chen, associate professor of health policy and management at George Washington University.

“You might be a nurse practitioner working in a gastroenterology clinic or cardiology clinic, but the scope of what you do is starting to overlap with primary care,” she said.

Nurse practitioners’ salaries vary widely by location, type of facility, and experience. Still, according to data from health care recruiter , formerly known as Merritt Hawkins, the total annual average starting compensation, including signing bonus, for nurse practitioners and physician assistants in specialty practice was $172,544 in the year that ended March 31, slightly higher than the $166,544 for those in primary care.

According to forecasts from the federal , nurse practitioner jobs will increase faster than jobs in almost any other occupation in the decade leading up to 2032, growing by 123,600 jobs or 45%. (Wind turbine service technician is the only other occupation projected to grow as fast.) The growth rate for physician assistants is also much faster than average, at 27%. There are more than twice as many nurse practitioners as physician assistants, however: 323,900 versus 148,000, in 2022.

To Grover, of the AAMC, numbers like this signal that there will probably be enough NPs, PAs, and physicians to meet primary care needs. At the same time, “expect more NPs and PAs to also flow out into other specialties,” he said.

When Pamela Ograbisz started working as a registered nurse 27 years ago, she worked in a cardiothoracic intensive care unit. After she became a family nurse practitioner a few years later, she found a job with a similar specialty practice, which trained her to take on a bigger role, first running their outpatient clinic, then working on the floor, and later in the intensive care unit.

If nurse practitioners want to specialize, often “the doctors mentor them just like they would with a physician residency,” said Ograbisz, now vice president of clinical operations at temporary placement recruiter LocumTenens.com.

If physician assistants want to specialize, they also can do so through mentoring, or they can receive “certificates of added qualifications” in 10 specialties to demonstrate their expertise. Most employers don’t “encourage or require” these certificates, however, said Jennifer Orozco, chief medical officer at the American Academy of Physician Associates.

There are a number of training programs for family nurse practitioners who want to develop skills in other areas.

Raina Hoebelheinrich, 40, a family nurse practitioner at a regional medical center in Yankton, South Dakota, recently enrolled in a three-semester post-master’s endocrinology training program at . She lives on a farm in nearby northeastern Nebraska with her husband and five sons.

Hoebelheinrich’s new skills could be helpful in her current hospital job, in which she sees a lot of patients with acute diabetes, or in a clinic setting like the one in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, where she is doing her clinical endocrinology training.

Lack of access to endocrinology care in rural areas is a real problem, and many people may travel hundreds of miles to see a specialist.

“There aren’t a lot of options,” she said.

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]]> 1851622 Federal Panel Prescribes New Mental Health Strategy To Curb Maternal Deaths /news/article/postpartum-mental-health-federal-strategy-maternal-deaths/ Thu, 16 May 2024 09:00:00 +0000 /?post_type=article&p=1852717 For help, call or text the at 1-833-TLC-MAMA (1-833-852-6262) or contact the by dialing or texting “988.” are also available.

BRIDGEPORT, Conn. 鈥 Milagros Aquino was trying to find a new place to live and had been struggling to get used to new foods after she moved to Bridgeport from Peru with her husband and young son in 2023.

When Aquino, now 31, got pregnant in May 2023, “instantly everything got so much worse than before,” she said. “I was so sad and lying in bed all day. I was really lost and just surviving.”

Aquino has lots of company.

Perinatal depression affects as many as 20% of women in the United States during pregnancy, the postpartum period, or both, . In some states, anxiety or depression afflicts nearly a quarter of new mothers or pregnant women.

Many women in the U.S. go untreated because there is no widely deployed system to screen for mental illness in mothers, despite widespread recommendations to do so. Experts say the lack of screening has driven higher rates of mental illness, suicide, and drug overdoses that are now the leading causes of death in the first year after a woman gives birth.

“This is a systemic issue, a medical issue, and a human rights issue,” said Lindsay R. Standeven, a perinatal psychiatrist and the clinical and education director of the Johns Hopkins Reproductive Mental Health Center.

Standeven said the root causes of the problem include racial and socioeconomic disparities in maternal care and a lack of support systems for new mothers. She also pointed a finger at a shortage of mental health professionals, insufficient maternal mental health training for providers, and insufficient reimbursement for mental health services. Finally, Standeven said, the problem is exacerbated by the absence of national maternity leave policies, and the access to weapons.

Those factors helped drive a in postpartum depression from 2010 to 2021, according to the American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology.

For Aquino, it wasn’t until the last weeks of her pregnancy, when she signed up for acupuncture to relieve her stress, that a social worker helped her get care through the Emme Coalition, which connects girls and women with financial help, mental health counseling services, and other resources.

Mothers diagnosed with perinatal depression or anxiety during or after pregnancy are at about three times the risk of suicidal behavior and six times the risk of suicide compared with mothers without a mood disorder, according to recent U.S. and international studies in and .

The toll of the maternal mental health crisis is particularly acute in rural communities that have become maternity care deserts, as small hospitals close their labor and delivery units because of plummeting birth rates, or because of financial or staffing issues.

This week, the Maternal Mental Health Task Force 鈥 co-led by the Office on Women’s Health and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration and formed in September to respond to the problem 鈥 that could serve as hubs of integrated care and birthing facilities by building upon the services and personnel already in communities.

The task force will soon determine what portions of the plan will require congressional action and funding to implement and what will be “low-hanging fruit,” said Joy Burkhard, a member of the task force and the executive director of the nonprofit Policy Center for Maternal Mental Health.

Burkhard said equitable access to care is essential. The task force recommended that federal officials identify areas where maternity centers should be placed based on data identifying the underserved. “Rural America,” she said, “is first and foremost.”

There are shortages of care in “unlikely areas,” including Los Angeles County, where some maternity wards have recently closed, said Burkhard. Urban areas that are underserved would also be eligible to get the new centers.

“All that mothers are asking for is maternity care that makes sense. Right now, none of that exists,” she said.

Several pilot programs are designed to help struggling mothers by training and equipping midwives and doulas, people who provide guidance and support to the mothers of newborns.

In Montana, rates of maternal depression before, during, and after pregnancy are higher than the national average. From 2017 to 2020, approximately 15% of mothers experienced postpartum depression and 27% experienced perinatal depression, according to the The state had the sixth-highest maternal mortality rate in the country in 2019, when it received a federal grant to begin training doulas.

To date, the program has trained 108 doulas, many of whom are Native American. Native Americans make up 6.6% of Montana’s population. Indigenous people, particularly those in rural areas, have of severe maternal morbidity and mortality compared with white women, according to a study in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Stephanie Fitch, grant manager at Montana Obstetrics & Maternal Support at Billings Clinic, said training doulas “has the potential to counter systemic barriers that disproportionately impact our tribal communities and improve overall community health.”

and Washington, D.C., have Medicaid coverage for doula care, according to the National Health Law Program. They are California, Florida, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, Oklahoma, Oregon, Rhode Island, and Virginia. Medicaid pays for about in the U.S., according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Jacqueline Carrizo, a doula assigned to Aquino through the Emme Coalition, played an important role in Aquino’s recovery. Aquino said she couldn’t have imagined going through such a “dark time alone.” With Carrizo’s support, “I could make it,” she said.

Genetic and environmental factors, or a past mental health disorder, can increase the risk of depression or anxiety during pregnancy. But mood disorders can happen to anyone.

Teresa Martinez, 30, of Price, Utah, had struggled with anxiety and infertility for years before she conceived her first child. The joy and relief of giving birth to her son in 2012 were short-lived.

Without warning, “a dark cloud came over me,” she said.

Martinez was afraid to tell her husband. “As a woman, you feel so much pressure and you don’t want that stigma of not being a good mom,” she said.

In recent years, programs around the country have started to help doctors recognize mothers’ mood disorders and learn how to help them before any harm is done.

One of the most successful is the Massachusetts Child Psychiatry Access Program for Moms, which began a decade ago and has since spread to 29 states. The program, supported by federal and state funding, provides tools and training for physicians and other providers to screen and identify disorders, triage patients, and offer treatment options.

But the expansion of maternal mental health programs is taking place amid sparse resources in much of rural America. Many programs across the country have run out of money.

The federal task force proposed that Congress fund and create consultation programs similar to the one in Massachusetts, but not to replace the ones already in place, said Burkhard.

In April, Missouri became the latest state to adopt the Massachusetts model. Women on Medicaid in Missouri are 10 times as likely to die within one year of pregnancy as those with private insurance. From 2018 through 2020, an average of 70 Missouri women died each year while pregnant or within one year of giving birth, according to state .

Wendy Ell, executive director of the Maternal Health Access Project in Missouri, called her service a “lifesaving resource” that is free and easy to access for any health care provider in the state who sees patients in the perinatal period.

About 50 health care providers have signed up for Ell’s program since it began. Within 30 minutes of a request, the providers can consult over the phone with one of three perinatal psychiatrists. But while the doctors can get help from the psychiatrists, mental health resources for patients are not as readily available.

The task force called for federal funding to train more mental health providers and place them in high-need areas like Missouri. The task force also recommended training and certifying a more diverse workforce of community mental health workers, patient navigators, doulas, and peer support specialists in areas where they are most needed.

A new in reproductive psychiatry is designed to help psychiatry residents, fellows, and mental health practitioners who may have little or no training or education about the management of psychiatric illness in the perinatal period. A small that the curriculum significantly improved psychiatrists’ ability to treat perinatal women with mental illness, said Standeven, who contributed to the training program and is one of the study’s authors.

Nancy Byatt, a perinatal psychiatrist at the University of Massachusetts Chan School of Medicine who led the launch of the Massachusetts Child Psychiatry Access Program for Moms in 2014, said there is still a lot of work to do.

“I think that the most important thing is that we have made a lot of progress and, in that sense, I am kind of hopeful,” Byatt said.

Cheryl Platzman Weinstock’s reporting is supported by a grant from the National Institute for Health Care Management Foundation.

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]]> 1852717 FDA Said It Never Inspected Dental Lab That Made Controversial AGGA Device /news/article/fda-inspection-johns-dental-agga-device/ Mon, 13 May 2024 11:30:00 +0000 /?post_type=article&p=1838624 The FDA never inspected Johns Dental Laboratories during more than a decade in which it made the Anterior Growth Guidance Appliance, or “AGGA,” a dental device that has allegedly harmed patients and is now the subject of a criminal investigation.

According to FDA documents obtained through the Freedom of Information Act, the agency “became aware” of the AGGA from a joint investigation by 素人色情片Health News and CBS News in March 2023, then responded with its first-ever inspection of Johns Dental months later.

That inspection found that the Indiana dental device manufacturer didn’t require all customer complaints to be investigated and the company did not investigate some complaints about people being hurt by products, including the AGGA, the FDA documents state. The FDA requires device companies to to the agency. Johns Dental had “never” alerted the FDA to any such complaints, according to the documents.

The AGGA, which its inventor testified has been used on more than 10,000 patients, was promoted by dentists nationwide, some of whom said it could “grow” or “expand” an adult’s jaw without surgery and treat common ailments like sleep apnea. But these claims were not backed by peer-reviewed research, and Johns Dental has settled lawsuits from 20 patients who alleged the AGGA caused them grievous harm. The company has not admitted liability.

Two former FDA officials said the AGGA was likely able to stay on the market 鈥 and off the FDA’s radar 鈥 for so long because of the lack of inspections and investigations at Johns Dental. Madris Kinard, a former FDA manager who founded , which analyzes FDA data, said it defies belief that Johns Dental never received a complaint worthy of relaying to the FDA.

“That’s a red flag for me. If I don’t see a single report to the FDA, I typically think there is something going on,” Kinard said. “When they don’t report, what you have is devices that stay on the market much longer than they should. And patients get harmed.”

Johns Dental Laboratories declined to comment when reached by phone and its lawyers did not respond to requests for an interview. The family-owned company, which has operated since 1939 in the western Indiana city of Terre Haute, to dentists and makes hundreds of retainers and sleep apnea appliances each month, according to its website.

Twelve of Johns Dental’s products are registered with the FDA as medical devices, meaning they carry at least a moderate risk, and some have been featured on the company website for at least two decades, according to preserved by the Internet Archive.

The AGGA, which was invented by Tennessee dentist Steve Galella in the 1990s, was not registered with the FDA like Johns Dental’s other devices. Company owner Jerry Neuenschwander has said in sworn court depositions that Johns Dental started making the AGGA in 2012 and became Galella’s exclusive manufacturer in 2015 and that at one point the AGGA was responsible for about one-sixth of Johns Dental’s total sales revenue.

In another deposition, Johns Dental CEO Lisa Bendixen said the company made about 3,000 to 4,000 AGGAs a year and paid Galella’s company a “royalty” of $50 to $65 for every sale.

“We are not dentists. We do not know how these appliances work. All we do is manufacture to Dr. Galella’s specifications,” she said, according to a deposition transcript.

The FDA’s lack of knowledge about the AGGA likely contributed to its loose oversight of Johns Dental. When asked to explain the lack of inspection, the FDA said that, based on what it knew at the time, it was not required to inspect Johns Dental until 2018 when the company registered as a “contract manufacturer” of other medical devices. Prior to 2018, the FDA was only aware of Johns Dental operating as a “dental laboratory,” which normally do not manufacture their own products and only modify devices made by other companies to fit dentists’ specifications. The FDA does not regularly inspect dental labs, although it can if it has concerns or gets complaints, the agency said.

Kinard said that based on her experience at the FDA she believes the agency prioritizes medical devices over dental devices, which may have contributed to the lack of inspections at Johns Dental.

“There hasn’t been much attention to dental devices in the past,” Kinard said. “Hopefully that’s going to change because of dental implant failures, as well as this device, which has quite obviously had serious issues.”

The AGGA resembles a retainer and uses springs to apply pressure to the front teeth and upper palate, according to a patent application. Last year, the 素人色情片Health News-CBS News investigation revealed the AGGA was not backed by any peer-reviewed research and had never been submitted to the FDA for review. At the time, at least 20 patients had alleged in lawsuits that the AGGA had caused grievous harm to their teeth, gums, and bone 鈥 and some said they’d lost teeth. Multiple dental specialists said in interviews that they had examined AGGA patients whose teeth had been shoved out of position by the device, sometimes causing tens of thousands of dollars in damage.

“The entire concept of this device, of this treatment, makes zero sense,” said Kasey Li, a maxillofacial surgeon who that appeared on a National Institutes of Health website. “It doesn’t grow the jaw. It doesn’t widen the jaw. It just pushes the teeth out of their original position.

Johns Dental and Galella have negotiated out-of-court settlements with the original 20 AGGA plaintiffs without publicly admitting fault. At least 13 more AGGA patients have filed similar lawsuits since the 素人色情片Health News-CBS News investigation. Johns Dental and Galella denied wrongdoing or have not yet responded to the allegations in the newer lawsuits.

Galella declined to be interviewed in 2023 and neither he nor his attorneys responded to recent requests for comment. One of his attorneys, Alan Fumuso, said in a 2023 statement that the AGGA “is safe and can achieve beneficial results” when used properly.

In the wake of the 素人色情片Health News-CBS News report, Johns Dental abruptly stopped making the AGGA, according to the newly released FDA documents. The Department of Justice soon after opened a criminal investigation into the AGGA that was ongoing as of December, according to court filings. No charges have been filed. A DOJ spokesperson declined comment.

Spurred by the March 2023 news report, the FDA inspected Johns Dental in July. The FDA’s website shows that Johns Dental was , but the substance of the agency’s findings was not known until the inspection report was obtained this year.

FDA investigator David Gasparovich wrote in that report that he arrived unannounced at Johns Dental last July and was met by five attorneys who instructed employees not to answer any questions about the AGGA or the company’s complaint policies. Neuenschwander was told by his attorney not to talk to the inspector, the report states.

“He asked if he could photograph my credentials,” Gasparovich wrote in his report. “This was the last conversation I would have with Mr. Neuenschwander at the request of his attorney.”

The FDA requires device companies to investigate product complaints and submit a “medical device report” to the agency within 30 days if the products may have contributed to serious injury or death. Gasparovich’s inspection report states that Johns Dental had “not adequately investigated customer complaints,” and its complaint policies were “not adequately established,” allowing employees to not investigate if the product was not first returned to the company.

Johns Dental received four complaints about the AGGA after the 素人色情片Health News-CBS News report, including one that came after the about the device, according to the inspection report.

“Zero (0) out of the four (4) complaints were investigated,” Gasparovich wrote in the report. “Each complaint was closed on the same day it was received.”

In the months after Gasparovich’s inspection, Johns Dental sent letters to the FDA saying it revised its complaint policies to require more investigations and hired a consultant and an auditor to address other FDA concerns, according to the documents obtained through FOIA.

Former FDA analyst M. Jason Brooke, now an attorney who advises medical device companies, said the FDA uses an internal risk-based algorithm to determine when to inspect manufacturers and he advises his clients to expect inspections every three to five years.

Brooke said the AGGA is an example of how the FDA’s oversight can be hamstrung by its reliance on device manufacturers to be transparent. If device companies don’t report to the agency, it can be left unaware of patient complaints, malfunctions, or even entire products, he said.

When a company “doesn’t follow the law,” Brooke said, “the FDA is in the dark.”

“If there aren’t complaints coming from patients, doctors, competitors, or the company itself, then in a lot of ways, there’s just a dearth of information for the FDA to consume to trigger an inspection,” Brooke said.

CBS News producer Nicole Keller contributed to this article.

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]]> 1838624 Democrats Seek To Make GOP Pay for Threats to Reproductive Rights /news/article/democrats-campaign-reproductive-rights-abortion/ Fri, 10 May 2024 09:00:00 +0000 /?post_type=article&p=1846317 ST. CHARLES, Mo. 鈥 Democrat Lucas Kunce is trying to pin reproductive care restrictions on Sen. (R-Mo.), betting it will boost his chances of unseating the incumbent in November.

In a recent , Kunce accuses Hawley of jeopardizing reproductive care, including in vitro fertilization. Staring straight into the camera, with tears in her eyes, a Missouri mom identified only as Jessica recounts how she struggled for years to conceive.

“Now there are efforts to ban IVF, and Josh Hawley got them started,” Jessica says. “I want Josh Hawley to look me in the eye and tell me that I can’t have the child that I deserve.”

Never mind that IVF is legal in Missouri, or that Hawley has said he supports limited access to abortion as a “pro-life” Republican. In key races across the country, Democrats are branding their Republican rivals as threats to women’s health after a broad erosion of reproductive rights since the Supreme Court struck down Roe v. Wade, including near-total state abortion bans, efforts to restrict medication abortion, and a court ruling that limited IVF in Alabama.

On top of the messaging campaigns, Democrats hope ballot measures to guarantee abortion rights in as many as 13 states 鈥 including Missouri, Arizona, and Florida 鈥 will help boost turnout in their favor.

The issue puts the GOP on the defensive, said , an election analyst at the University of Virginia.

“I don’t really think Republicans have found a great way to respond to it yet,” he said.

Abortion is such a salient issue in Arizona, for example, that election analysts say a U.S. House seat occupied by Republican is now .

Hawley appears in less peril, for now. He holds a wide lead in polls, though Kunce outraised him in the most recent quarter, raking in $2.25 million in donations compared with the incumbent’s $846,000, according to campaign finance reports. Still, Hawley’s war chest is more than twice the size of Kunce’s.

Kunce, a Marine veteran and antitrust advocate, said he likes his odds.

“I just don’t think we’re gonna lose,” he told 素人色情片Health News. “Missourians want freedom and the ability to control their own lives.”

Hawley’s campaign declined to comment. He has backed a federal ban on abortion after 15 weeks and has said he supports exceptions for rape and incest and to protect the lives of pregnant women. Missouri’s state ban is near total, with no exceptions for rape or incest.

“This is Josh Hawley’s life’s mission. It’s his family’s business,” Kunce said, a nod to , the senator’s wife, a lawyer who argued before the Supreme Court in March on behalf of activists who sought to limit access to the abortion pill mifepristone.

State abortion rights have won out everywhere they’ve been on the ballot since the end of Roe in 2022, including in Republican-led Kentucky and Ohio.

An abortion rights ballot initiative is also expected in Montana, where a Republican challenge to Democrat could decide control of the Senate.

On a late-April Saturday along historic Main Street in St. Charles, Missouri, people holding makeshift clipboards fashioned from yard signs from past elections invited locals strolling brick sidewalks to sign a petition to get the initiative on Missouri ballots. Nearby, diners enjoyed lunch on a patio tucked under a canopy of trees in this affluent St. Louis suburb.

Missouri was the first state to ban abortion after Roe fell; it is outlawed except in “cases of medical emergency.” The measure would add the right to abortion to the state constitution.

Larry Bax, 65, of St. Charles County, said he votes Republican most of the time but signed the ballot measure petition along with his wife, Debbie Bax, 66.

“We were never single-issue voters. Never in our life,” he said. “This has made us single-issue because this is so wrong.”

They won’t vote for Hawley this fall, they said, but are unsure if they’ll support the Democratic nominee.

Jim Seidel, 64, who lives in Wright City, 50 miles west of St. Louis, also signed the petition. He said he believes Missourians deserve the opportunity to vote on the issue.

“I’ve been a Republican all my life until just recently,” Seidel said. “It’s just gone really wacky.”

He plans to vote for Kunce in November if he wins the Democratic primary in August, as seems likely. Seidel previously voted for a few Democrats, including Bill Clinton and Claire McCaskill, whom Hawley unseated as senator six years ago.

“Most of the time,” he added, Hawley is “strongly in the wrong camp.”

Over about two hours in conservative St. Charles, 素人色情片Health News observed only one person actively declining to sign the petition. The woman told the volunteers she and her family opposed abortion rights and quickly walked away. The Catholic Church has discouraged voters from signing. At St. Joseph Parish in a nearby suburb, for example, a sign flashed: “Decline to Sign Reproductive Health Petition!”

The ballot measure organizers turned in more than twice the required number of signatures May 3, though, and now await certification from the secretary of state’s office.

Larry Bax’s concern goes beyond abortion and the ballot measure in Missouri. He worries about more governmental limits on reproductive care, such as on IVF or birth control. “How much further can that reach extend?” he said. Kunce is banking on enough voters feeling like Bax and Seidel to get an upset similar to the one that occurred in 2012 for the same seat 鈥 also over abortion. McCaskill defeated Republican Todd Akin that year, largely because of his infamous response when asked about abortion: “If it’s a legitimate rape, the female body has ways to try to shut that whole thing down.”

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]]> 1846317 Their First Baby Came With Medical Debt. These Illinois Parents Won鈥檛 Have Another. /news/article/babies-come-with-medical-debt/ Fri, 10 May 2024 09:00:00 +0000 /?post_type=article&p=1850085 JACKSONVILLE, Ill. 鈥 Heather Crivilare was a month from her due date when she was rushed to an operating room for an emergency cesarean section.

The first-time mother, a high school teacher in rural Illinois, had developed high blood pressure, a sometimes life-threatening condition in pregnancy that prompted doctors to hospitalize her. Then Crivilare’s blood pressure spiked, and the baby’s heart rate dropped. “It was terrifying,” Crivilare said.

She gave birth to a healthy daughter. What followed, though, was another ordeal: thousands of dollars in medical debt that sent Crivilare and her husband scrambling for nearly a year to keep collectors at bay.

The Crivilares would eventually get on nine payment plans as they juggled close to $5,000 in bills.

“It really felt like a full-time job some days,” Crivilare recalled. “Getting the baby down to sleep and then getting on the phone. I’d set up one payment plan, and then a new bill would come that afternoon. And I’d have to set up another one.”

Crivilare’s pregnancy may have been more dramatic than most. But for millions of new parents, medical debt is now as much a hallmark of having children as long nights and dirty diapers.

About 12% of the 100 million U.S. adults with health care debt attribute at least some of it to pregnancy or childbirth, according to a 素人色情片poll.

These people are more likely to report they’ve had to take on extra work, change their living situation, or make other sacrifices.

Overall, women between 18 and 35 who have had a baby in the past year and a half are twice as likely to have medical debt as women of the same age who haven’t given birth recently, other conducted for this project found.

“You feel bad for the patient because you know that they want the best for their pregnancy,” said Eilean Attwood, a Rhode Island OB-GYN who said she routinely sees pregnant women anxious about going into debt.

“So often, they may be coming to the office or the hospital with preexisting debt from school, from other financial pressures of starting adult life,” Attwood said. “They are having to make real choices, and what those real choices may entail can include the choice to not get certain services or medications or what may be needed for the care of themselves or their fetus.”

Best-Laid Plans

Crivilare and her husband, Andrew, also a teacher, anticipated some of the costs.

The young couple settled in Jacksonville, in part because the farming community less than two hours north of St. Louis was the kind of place two public school teachers could afford a house. They saved aggressively. They bought life insurance.

And before Crivilare got pregnant in 2021, they enrolled in the most robust health insurance plan they could, paying higher premiums to minimize their deductible and out-of-pocket costs.

Then, two months before their baby was due, Crivilare learned she had developed preeclampsia. Her pregnancy would no longer be routine. Crivilare was put on blood pressure medication, and doctors at the local hospital recommended bed rest at a larger medical center in Springfield, about 35 miles away.

“I remember thinking when they insisted that I ride an ambulance from Jacksonville to Springfield 鈥 鈥業’m never going to financially recover from this,’” she said. “鈥楤ut I want my baby to be OK.’”

For weeks, Crivilare remained in the hospital alone as covid protocols limited visitors. Meanwhile, doctors steadily upped her medications while monitoring the fetus. It was, she said, “the scariest month of my life.”

Fear turned to relief after her daughter, Rita, was born. The baby was small and had to spend nearly two weeks in the neonatal intensive care unit. But there were no complications. “We were incredibly lucky,” Crivilare said.

When she and Rita finally came home, a stack of medical bills awaited. One was already past due.

Crivilare rushed to set up payment plans with the hospitals in Jacksonville and Springfield, as well as the anesthesiologist, the surgeon, and the labs. Some providers demanded hundreds of dollars a month. Some settled for monthly payments of $20 or $25. Some pushed Crivilare to apply for new credit cards to pay the bills.

“It was a blur of just being on the phone constantly with all the different people collecting money,” she recalled. “That was a nightmare.”

Big Bills, Big Consequences

The Crivilares’ bills weren’t unusual. Parents with private health coverage now face on average more than $3,000 in medical bills related to a pregnancy and childbirth that aren’t covered by insurance, found.

Out-of-pocket costs are even higher for families with a newborn who needs to stay in a neonatal ICU, averaging $5,000. And for 1 in 11 of these families, medical bills related to pregnancy and childbirth exceed $10,000, the researchers found.

“This forces very difficult trade-offs for families,” said Michelle Moniz, a University of Michigan OB-GYN who worked on the study. “Even though they have insurance, they still have these very high bills.”

Nationwide polls suggest millions of these families end up in debt, with sometimes devastating consequences.

About three-quarters of U.S. adults with debt related to pregnancy or childbirth have cut spending on food, clothing, or other essentials, 素人色情片polling found.

About half have put off buying a home or delayed their own or their children’s education.

These burdens have spurred calls to limit what families must pay out-of-pocket for medical care related to pregnancy and childbirth.

In Massachusetts, state Sen. Cindy Friedman has to exempt all these bills from copays, deductibles, and other cost sharing. This would parallel federal rules that require health plans to cover recommended preventive services like annual physicals without cost sharing for patients. “We want 鈥 healthy children, and that starts with healthy mothers,” Friedman said. Massachusetts health insurers have warned the proposal will raise costs, but an independent state analysis estimated the bill would add only $1.24 to monthly insurance premiums.

Tough Lessons

For her part, Crivilare said she wishes new parents could catch their breath before paying down medical debt.

“No one is in the right frame of mind to deal with that when they have a new baby,” she said, noting that college graduates get such a break. “When I graduated with my college degree, it was like: 鈥楬ey, new adult, it’s going to take you six months to kind of figure out your life, so we’ll give you this six-month grace period before your student loans kick in and you can get a job.’”

Rita is now 2. The family scraped by on their payment plans, retiring the medical debt within a year, with help from Crivilare’s side job selling resources for teachers online.

But they are now back in debt, after Rita’s recurrent ear infections required surgery last year, leaving the family with thousands of dollars in new medical bills.

Crivilare said the stress has made her think twice about seeing a doctor, even for Rita. And, she added, she and her husband have decided their family is complete.

“It’s not for us to have another child,” she said. “I just hope that we can put some of these big bills behind us and give [Rita] the life that we want to give her.”

About This Project

“Diagnosis: Debt” is a reporting partnership between 素人色情片Health News and NPR exploring the scale, impact, and causes of medical debt in America.

The series draws on original polling by KFF, court records, federal data on hospital finances, contracts obtained through public records requests, data on international health systems, and a yearlong investigation into the financial assistance and collection policies of more than 500 hospitals across the country.聽

Additional research was聽, which analyzed credit bureau and other demographic data on poverty, race, and health status for 素人色情片Health News to explore where medical debt is concentrated in the U.S. and what factors are associated with high debt levels.

The JPMorgan Chase Institute聽聽from a sampling of Chase credit card holders to look at how customers’ balances may be affected by major medical expenses. And the CED Project, a Denver nonprofit, worked with 素人色情片Health News on a survey of its clients to explore links between medical debt and housing instability.聽

素人色情片Health News journalists worked with 素人色情片public opinion researchers to design and analyze the “.” The survey was conducted Feb. 25 through March 20, 2022, online and via telephone, in English and Spanish, among a nationally representative sample of 2,375 U.S. adults, including 1,292 adults with current health care debt and 382 adults who had health care debt in the past five years. The margin of sampling error is plus or minus 3 percentage points for the full sample and 3 percentage points for those with current debt. For results based on subgroups, the margin of sampling error may be higher.

Reporters from 素人色情片Health News and NPR also conducted hundreds of interviews with patients across the country; spoke with physicians, health industry leaders, consumer advocates, debt lawyers, and researchers; and reviewed scores of studies and surveys about medical debt.

素人色情片Health News is a national newsroom that produces in-depth journalism about health issues and is one of the core operating programs at KFF鈥攁n independent source of health policy research, polling, and journalism. Learn more about .

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This story can be republished for free (details).

]]> 1850085 Paid Sick Leave Sticks After Many Pandemic Protections Vanish /news/article/paid-sick-leave-post-pandemic-state-laws/ Thu, 09 May 2024 09:00:00 +0000 /?post_type=article&p=1844704 Bill Thompson’s wife had never seen him smile with confidence. For the first 20 years of their relationship, an infection in his mouth robbed him of teeth, one by one.

“I didn’t have any teeth to smile with,” the 53-year-old of Independence, Missouri, said.

Thompson said he dealt with throbbing toothaches and painful swelling in his face from abscesses for years working as a cook at Burger King. He desperately needed to see a dentist but said he couldn’t afford to take time off without pay. Missouri is one of many states that employers to provide paid sick leave.

So, Thompson would and push through the pain as he worked over the hot grill.

“Either we go to work, have a paycheck,” Thompson said. “Or we take care of ourselves. We can’t take care of ourselves because, well, this vicious circle that we’re stuck in.”

In a nation that was sharply divided about government health mandates during the covid-19 pandemic, the public has been warming to the idea of government rules providing for paid sick leave.

Before the pandemic, and the District of Columbia had laws requiring employers to provide paid sick leave. Since then, , , , , and have passed laws offering some kind of paid time off for illness. and expanded previous paid leave laws. In , , and , advocates are pushing to put the issue on the ballot this fall.

The U.S. is that do not guarantee paid sick leave, according to data compiled by the World Policy Analysis Center.

In response to the pandemic, the Emergency Paid Sick Leave and Emergency Family and Medical Leave Expansion acts. These temporary measures allowed employees to take up to two weeks of paid sick leave for covid-related illness and caregiving. But the provisions .

“When the pandemic hit, we finally saw some real political will to solve the problem of not having federal paid sick leave,” said economist .

Wething co-authored a on the state of sick leave in the United States. It found that more than half, 61%, of the lowest-paid workers can’t get time off for an illness.

“I was really surprised by how quickly losing pay 鈥 because you’re sick 鈥 can translate into immediate and devastating cuts to a family’s household budget,” she said.

Wething noted that the lost wages of even a day or two can be equivalent to a month’s worth of gasoline a worker would need to get to their job, or the choice between paying an electric bill or buying food. Wething said showing up to work sick poses a risk to co-workers and customers alike. Low-paying jobs that often lack paid sick leave 鈥 like cashiers, nail technicians, home health aides, and fast-food workers 鈥 involve lots of face-to-face interactions.

“So paid sick leave is about both protecting the public health of a community and providing the workers the economic security that they desperately need when they need to take time away from work,” she said.

The National Federation of Independent Business has at the state level, arguing that workplaces should have the flexibility to work something out with their employees when they get sick. The group said the cost of , extra paperwork, and burdens small employers.

According to a report by the National Bureau of Economic Research, once these mandates go into effect, employees take, on average, than before a law took effect.

went into effect this year. Lauren Pattan is co-owner of the Old Bakery Beer Co. there. Before this year, the craft brewery did not offer paid time off for its hourly employees. Pattan said she supports Illinois’ new law but she has to figure out how to pay for it.

“We really try to be respectful of our employees and be a good place to work, and at the same time we get worried about not being able to afford things,” she said.

That could mean customers have to pay more to cover the cost, Pattan said.

As for Bill Thompson, he for the Kansas City Star newspaper about his dental struggles.

“Despite working nearly 40 hours a week, many of my co-workers are homeless,” he wrote. “Without health care, none of us can afford a doctor or a dentist.”

That op-ed generated attention locally and, in 2018, a dentist in his community donated his time and labor to remove Thompson’s remaining teeth and replace them with dentures. This allowed his mouth to recover from the infections he’d been dealing with for years. Today, Thompson has a new smile and a job 鈥 with paid sick leave 鈥 working in food service at a hotel.

In his free time, he’s been collecting signatures to put an initiative on the November ballot that would guarantee at least of earned paid sick leave a year for Missouri workers. Organizers behind the petition said they have to take it before the voters.

素人色情片Health News is a national newsroom that produces in-depth journalism about health issues and is one of the core operating programs at KFF鈥攁n independent source of health policy research, polling, and journalism. Learn more about .

USE OUR CONTENT

This story can be republished for free (details).

]]> 1844704 Tres personas heridas en el desfile del Super Bowl viven con balas que siguen alojadas en sus cuerpos /news/article/tres-personas-heridas-en-el-desfile-del-super-bowl-viven-con-balas-que-siguen-alojadas-en-sus-cuerpos/ Wed, 08 May 2024 09:01:00 +0000 /?post_type=article&p=1852320 James Lemons, de 39 años, quiere que le extraigan la bala de su muslo para poder volver a trabajar.

Sarai Holguín, de 71 años y originaria de México, ha aceptado la bala alojada cerca de su rodilla como su “compa”, es decir, una amiga cercana.

A Mireya Nelson, de 15, la alcanzó una bala que atravesó su mandíbula y le rompió el hombro, donde quedaron fragmentos. Por ahora vivirá con ellos, mientras los médicos monitorean los niveles de plomo en su sangre por al menos dos años.

A casi tres meses del tiroteo en el desfile del Super Bowl de los Kansas City Chiefs, que dejó al menos 24 personas heridas, recuperarse de esas heridas es algo profundamente personal e incluye una sorprendente área gris de la medicina: si las balas deberían o no extraerse.

El protocolo médico no ofrece una respuesta clara. Una encuesta de 2016 entre cirujanos reveló que de los encuestados trabajaban en instalaciones médicas que tenían normas sobre la extracción de balas.

Los médicos en Estados Unidos a menudo dejan las balas enterradas profundamente en el cuerpo de una persona, al menos al principio, para no causar más trauma.

Pero a medida que la violencia armada surge como una epidemia de salud pública, si esa práctica es la mejor.

Algunos de los heridos, como James Lemons, quedan en una situación precaria. “Si hay una manera de sacarla y se saca de forma segura, sáquenla fuera de la persona”, dijo Lemons. “Hagan que esa persona se sienta más segura consigo misma. Y que no tengas que estar caminando con ese recuerdo dentro de tí”.

Lemons, Holguín y Nelson están sobrellevando las cosas de manera muy diferente.

El dolor se convirtió en un problema

Tres días después de que los Chiefs ganaran el Super Bowl, Lemons condujo las 37 millas desde Harrisonville, Missouri, hasta el centro de Kansas City para celebrar la victoria. Lemons, quien trabaja en un depósito, llevaba a su hija de 5 años, Kensley, en sus hombros cuando sintió una bala entrar en la parte posterior de su muslo derecho.

Los disparos se desataron en un área abarrotada de fans, , después de una “confrontación verbal” entre dos grupos. Los detectives encontraron “múltiples cartuchos de bala calibre 9 mm y .40” en el lugar. Lemons dijo que entendió inmediatamente lo que estaba sucediendo.

“Conozco mi ciudad. No estamos lanzando fuegos artificiales”, dijo.

Mientras se tiraban al聽 suelo, Lemons protegió el rostro de Kensley para que no golpeara sobre el cemento. Su primer pensamiento fue llevar a su familia 鈥攕u esposa, Brandie; su hija de 17 años, Kallie; y su hijo de 10 años, Jaxson鈥 a un lugar seguro.

“Me dispararon. Pero no te preocupes”, recordó Lemons que le dijo a Brandie. “Tenemos que irnos”.

Llevó a Kensley en sus hombros mientras la familia caminaba una milla hasta su auto. Al principio su pierna sangraba a través de sus pantalones, pero después paró, dijo. Ardía de dolor. Brandie insistió en llevarlo al hospital, pero el tráfico estaba estancado, así que encendió las luces de emergencia y condujo en la dirección opuesta.

Lemons recordó que ella dijo: “’Te estoy llevando al hospital. Estoy cansada de que la gente se interponga en mi camino'”. “Nunca había visto a mi esposa así. La miré y pensé, 鈥榚sto es algo sexy'”.

Contó que le sonrió a su esposa y aplaudió, a lo que ella respondió: “驴Por qué estás sonriendo? Acaban de dispararte”. Se mantuvo en silenciosa admiración hasta que los detuvo un sheriff, que llamó a una ambulancia, recordó Lemons.

Lo llevaron a la sala de emergencias de University Health, que ese día , incluidos ocho con heridas de bala. Las placas mostraron que la bala apenas había esquivado una arteria, dijo Lemons.

Los médicos limpiaron la herida, pusieron su pierna en un aparato ortopédico y le dijeron que regresara en una semana. La bala todavía estaba en su pierna.

“Me sentí un poco desconcertado, pero pensé, 鈥楨stá bien, lo que sea, saldré de aquí'”, recordó Lemons.

Cuando regresó, los médicos le quitaron el aparato ortopédico pero le explicaron que a menudo dejan balas y fragmentos en el cuerpo, a menos que se vuelvan demasiado dolorosos.

“Entiendo, pero no me gusta eso”, dijo Lemons. “驴Por qué no la sacarías si pudieras?”

Leslie Carto, vocera de University Health, dijo que el hospital no puede comentar sobre la atención de pacientes debido a las leyes federales de privacidad.

Los cirujanos generalmente extraen las balas cuando las encuentran durante la cirugía o cuando están en lugares peligrosos, como en el canal espinal, o a punto de dañar un órgano, explicó , cirujano pediátrico del Connecticut Children’s.

Campbell también preside el Comité de Prevención y Control de Lesiones del Comité de Trauma del Colegio Americano de Cirujanos, que trabaja en la prevención de lesiones por armas de fuego.

, cirujano entrenado en trauma y fundador de la 聽en St. Louis, dijo que los orígenes de la atención del trauma también ayudan a explicar por qué las balas generalmente no se extraen.

“La atención del trauma es medicina de guerra”, dijo Punch. “Está preparada para estar lista en cualquier momento, todos los días, para salvar una vida. No está equipada para cuidar la curación que se necesita después”.

En la encuesta a los cirujanos, las razones más comunes dadas para extraer una bala fueron el dolor, una bala palpable alojada cerca de la piel o una infección. Mucho menos comunes fueron la intoxicación por plomo y las preocupaciones de salud mental como el trastorno de estrés postraumático y la ansiedad.

Los cirujanos dijeron que lo que querían los pacientes también impactaba en sus decisiones.

Lemons quería que le quitaran la bala. El dolor en su pierna se irradiaba desde su muslo, lo que le dificultaba moverse durante más de una hora o dos. Era imposible trabajar en el depósito.

“Tengo que levantar 100 libras cada noche”, recordó Lemons que le dijo a sus médicos. “Tengo que levantar a mi hijo. No puedo trabajar así”.

Ha perdido sus ingresos y su seguro de salud. Otro racha de mala suerte: el dueño de la casa que alquilaban decidió venderla poco después del desfile, y tuvieron que encontrar un nuevo lugar para vivir.

La casa actual es más pequeña, pero era importante mantener a los niños en el mismo distrito escolar con sus amigos, dijo Lemons en una entrevista en el dormitorio rosa de Kensley, el lugar más tranquilo para hablar.

Han pedido dinero prestado y recaudaron para ayudar con el depósito y las reparaciones del automóvil, pero el tiroteo del desfile ha dejado a la familia en un profundo pozo financiero.

Sin seguro, Lemons temía no poder pagar para que le extrajeran la bala. Luego se enteró que su cirugía sería pagada por donaciones. Programó una cita en un hospital al norte de la ciudad, donde un cirujano tomó medidas en su radiografía y le explicó el procedimiento.

“Necesito que estés involucrado tanto como yo voy a estar involucrado”, recordó que le dijeron, “porque 鈥攁divina qué鈥 esta no es mi pierna”.

La cirugía está programada para este mes.

“Nos hicimos amigas”

Sarai Holguín no es gran fanática de los Chiefs, pero aceptó ir al rally en Union Station para mostrarle a su amiga el mejor lugar para ver a los jugadores en el escenario.

Era un día inusualmente cálido, y estaban paradas cerca de una entrada donde había muchos policías. Había papás con bebés en cochecitos, los niños jugaban al fútbol americano y Holguín se sentía segura.

Un poco antes de las 2 pm, escuchó lo que pensó que eran fuegos artificiales. La gente comenzó a correr lejos del escenario. Se dio vuelta, tratando de encontrar a su amiga, pero se sintió mareada. No se dio cuenta que le habían disparado. Tres personas rápidamente la ayudaron a tirarse al suelo, y un extraño se quitó la camisa e hizo un torniquete en su pierna izquierda.

Holguín, originaria de Puebla, México, ciudadana estadounidense desde 2018, nunca había visto tanto caos, tantos paramédicos trabajando bajo tanta presión. Fueron “héroes anónimos”, dijo.

Los vio atendiendo a Lisa López-Galván, una conocida DJ de 43 años y dos hijos. López-Galván murió en el lugar, y fue la única víctima mortal. A Holguín la llevaron a University Health, a unos cinco minutos de Union Station.

Allí, la operaron, pero dejaron la bala en su pierna. Holguín se despertó en medio de más caos. Había perdido su bolso y su teléfono celular, así que no pudo llamar a César, su esposo. La internaron en el hospital bajo un alias, una práctica común en los centros médicos para comenzar a atender al paciente de inmediato.

Su esposo e hija no la encontraron hasta cerca de las 10 pm, unas ocho horas después de que le dispararan.

“Ha sido un gran trauma para mí”, dijo Holguín a través de un intérprete. “Estaba herida y en el hospital sin haber hecho nada malo. [El rally] era un momento para jugar, relajarse, estar juntos”.

Holguín estuvo una semana internada, e inmediatamente tuvo dos cirugías ambulatorias más para eliminar el tejido muerto alrededor de la herida. Usó un dispositivo especial durante varias semanas y tuvo citas médicas cada dos días.

Campbell, el cirujano de trauma, dijo que esos dispositivos, llamados “de cierre asistido por vacío” son comunes cuando las balas dañan tejidos que no se pueden reconstruir fácilmente en la cirugía. (Ayudan a acelerar el proceso de cierre de la herida)

“No son solo las lesiones físicas”, dijo Campbell. “Muchas veces son las lesiones emocionales, psicológicas, que muchos de estos pacientes también experimentan”.

La bala sigue cerca de la rodilla de Holguín.

“La tendré por el resto de mi vida”, dijo, agregando que ella y la bala se han convertido en “compas”, amigas cercanas. “Nos hicimos amigas para que ella no me haga ningún otro daño”, dijo Holguín sonriendo.

Punch, de la Bullet Related Injury Clinic en St. Louis, dijo que algunas personas como Holguín pueden tener la fortaleza mental para vivir con una bala en el cuerpo.

“Si puedes crear una historia sobre lo que significa que esa bala esté en tu cuerpo, eso te da poder; te empodera”, dijo Punch.

La vida de Holguín cambió en un instante: está usando un andador para moverse. Su pie, dijo, actúa “como si hubiera tenido un derrame cerebral”, se queda colgando y es difícil mover los dedos de los pies.

La consecuencia más frustrante es que no puede viajar para ver a su padre de 102 años, que está en México. Lo ve en video a través de su teléfono, pero eso no ofrece mucho consuelo, dijo, y pensar en él la hace llorar.

En el hospital le dijeron que sus facturas médicas serían cubiertas, pero luego muchas de ellas llegaron por correo. Intentó obtener ayuda para las víctimas del estado de Missouri, pero le costo entender todos los formularios que tenía porque estaban en inglés.

Solo alquilar el dispositivo de cierre asistido por vacío costaba $800 al mes.

Finalmente escuchó que el Consulado de México en Kansas City podía ayudar, y el cónsul la remitió a la Oficina del Fiscal del condado de Jackson, donde se registró como víctima oficial. Ahora todas sus facturas están siendo pagadas, dijo.

Holguín no buscará tratamiento de salud mental, ya que cree que uno debe aprender a vivir con una situación determinada o se convertirá en una carga. “He procesado este nuevo capítulo en mi vida”, dijo Holguín. “Nunca me he rendido y seguiré adelante con la ayuda de Dios”.

“Vi sangre en mis manos”

Mireya Nelson llegó tarde al desfile. Su madre, Erika, le dijo que se fuera temprano, por el tráfico y el millón de personas que se esperaba en el centro de Kansas City, pero ella y sus amigos adolescentes ignoraron el consejo. Los Nelson viven en Belton, Missouri, aproximadamente a media hora al sur de la ciudad.

Mireya quería sostener el trofeo del Super Bowl. Cuando ella y sus tres amigos llegaron, el desfile que había pasado por el centro ya había terminado y había comenzado el rally en Union Station. Estaban atrapados entre la multitud y se aburrieron rápido, dijo Mireya.

Mireya y una de sus amigas intentaron llamar al conductor de su grupo para irse, pero no tenían señal en el celular, por la gran multitud.

En medio del caos de personas y ruido, Mireya de repente se desplomó.

“Vi sangre en mis manos. Así que supe que me habían disparado. Sí, y simplemente me arrastré hacia un árbol”, dijo Mireya. “En realidad, al principio no sabía dónde me habían disparado. Solo ví sangre en mis manos”.

La bala rozó la barbilla de Mireya, atravesó su mandíbula, le rompió el hombro y salió por su brazo. Quedaron fragmentos de bala en su hombro. Los médicos decidieron dejarlos porque la joven ya había sufrido mucho daño.

Por ahora, la madre de Mireya apoya esa decisión, señalando que eran solo “fragmentos”. “Creo que si no la van a dañar el resto de su vida”, dijo Erika, “no quiero que siga volviendo al hospital y teniendo cirugías. Eso es más trauma para ella y más tiempo de recuperación, más terapia física y cosas así”.

Punch dijo que los fragmentos de bala, especialmente los que son solo superficiales, a menudo se abren paso como astillas, aunque a los pacientes no siempre se les dice eso. Además, agregó, las lesiones causadas por las balas se extienden más allá de aquellos con tejido dañado a las personas a su alrededor, como Erika. Pidió un enfoque holístico para recuperarse de todo el trauma.

“Cuando las personas permanecen en su trauma, ese trauma puede cambiarlas para toda la vida”, dijo Punch.

Mireya será sometida a en su sangre durante al menos los próximos dos años. Ahora sus niveles están bien, dijeron los médicos a la familia, pero si empeoran, necesitará cirugía para remover los fragmentos, dijo su madre.

Campbell, el cirujano pediátrico, dijo que el plomo es particularmente preocupante para los niños pequeños, cuyos cerebros en desarrollo los hacen especialmente vulnerables a sus . Incluso 鈥3.5 microgramos por decilitro鈥 es suficiente para informar a las autoridades de salud estatales, según los Centros para el Control y Prevención de Enfermedades (CDC).

Mireya habla sobre adolescentes lindos, pero todavía usa pijamas de Cookie Monster. Parece confundida por los tiroteos, por toda la atención en casa, en la escuela, de los periodistas. Cuando le preguntaron cómo se siente sobre los fragmentos en su brazo, dijo: “Realmente no me importan”.

Después de su estadía en el hospital, Mireya tomó antibióticos durante 10 días porque los médicos temían que hubieran bacterias en la herida. Ha tenido terapia física, pero es doloroso hacer los ejercicios. Tiene una cicatriz en la barbilla. “Una muesca”, dijo, que es “irregular”.

“Dijeron que tuvo suerte porque si no hubiera girado la cabeza de cierta manera, podría haber muerto”, dijo Erika.

Mireya enfrenta una evaluación psiquiátrica y sesiones de terapia, aunque no le gusta hablar de sus sentimientos.

Hasta ahora, el seguro de Erika está pagando las facturas médicas, aunque espera obtener algo de ayuda del fondo , que recaudó casi $1.9 millones, o de una organización de fe llamada .

Erika no quiere limosnas. Tiene un trabajo en atención médica y acaba de tener un ascenso.

La bala ha cambiado la vida de la familia de muchas maneras. Ahora forma parte de sus charlas. Hablan sobre cómo desearían saber qué tipo de munición era, o cómo se veía.

“Como si quisiera quedarme con la bala que atravesó mi brazo”, dijo Mireya. “Quiero saber qué tipo de bala era”. Eso provocó un suspiro de su mamá, quien dijo que su hija había visto demasiados episodios de “Forensic Files”.

Erika se culpa por la herida, porque no pudo proteger a su hija en el desfile.

“Me duele mucho porque me siento mal, porque ella me suplicó que dejara el trabajo y no fui allí porque cuando tienes un puesto nuevo, no puedes simplemente irte del trabajo”, dijo Erika. “Porque yo hubiera recibido la bala. Porque haría cualquier cosa. Es lo que hace una mamá”.

素人色情片Health News is a national newsroom that produces in-depth journalism about health issues and is one of the core operating programs at KFF鈥攁n independent source of health policy research, polling, and journalism. Learn more about .

USE OUR CONTENT

This story can be republished for free (details).

]]> 1852320 Three People Shot at Super Bowl Parade Grapple With Bullets Left in Their Bodies /news/article/the-injured-super-bowl-parade-kansas-city-bullets-still-bodies/ Wed, 08 May 2024 09:00:00 +0000 /?post_type=article&p=1849826 素人色情片Health News and KCUR are following the stories of people injured during the shooting at the Kansas City Chiefs Super Bowl celebration in February. Listen to the stories of two people shot that day, who still have bullets lodged in their bodies. They’re grappling with physical and emotional wounds.

James Lemons, 39, wants the bullet removed from his thigh so he can go back to work.

Sarai Holguin, a 71-year-old woman originally from Mexico, has accepted the bullet lodged near her knee as her “compa” 鈥 a close friend.

The Injured

They Were Injured at the Super Bowl Parade. A Month Later, They Feel Forgotten.

In the first of our series “The Injured,” a Kansas family remembers Valentine’s Day as the beginning of panic attacks, life-altering trauma, and waking to nightmares of gunfire. Thrown into the spotlight by the shootings, they wonder how they will recover.

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Mireya Nelson, 15, was hit by a bullet that went through her jaw and broke her shoulder, where fragments remain. She’ll live with them for now, while doctors monitor lead levels in her blood for at least two years.

Nearly three months after the Kansas City Chiefs Super Bowl parade shooting left at least 24 people injured, recovery from those wounds is intensely personal and includes a surprising gray area in medicine: whether the bullets should be removed.

Medical protocol offers no clear answer. A 2016 survey of surgeons found that of respondents worked at medical facilities that had policies on bullet removal. Doctors in the U.S. often leave bullets buried deep in a person’s body, at least at first, so as not to cause further trauma.

But as gun violence has emerged as a public health epidemic, if that practice is best. Some of the wounded, like James Lemons, are left in a precarious place.

“If there’s a way to get it out, and it’s safely taken out, get it out of the person,” Lemons said. “Make that person feel more secure about themselves. And you’re not walking around with that memory in you.”

Lemons, Holguin, and Nelson are coping in very different ways.

Pain Became a Problem

Three days after the Chiefs won the Super Bowl, Lemons drove the 37 miles from Harrisonville, Missouri, to downtown Kansas City to celebrate the victory. The warehouse worker was carrying his 5-year-old daughter, Kensley, on his shoulders when he felt a bullet enter the back of his right thigh.

Gunfire erupted in the area packed with revelers, , after a “verbal confrontation” between two groups. Detectives found “multiple 9mm and .40 caliber spent shell casings” at the scene. Lemons said he understood immediately what was happening.

“I know my city. We’re not shooting off fireworks,” he said.

Lemons shielded Kensley’s face as they fell to the ground so she wouldn’t hit the concrete. His first thought was getting his family 鈥 also including his wife, Brandie; 17-year-old daughter, Kallie; and 10-year-old son, Jaxson 鈥 to safety.

“I’m hit. But don’t worry about it,” Lemons recalled telling Brandie. “We gotta go.”

He carried Kensley on his shoulders as the family walked a mile to their car. His leg bled through his pants at first then stopped, he said. It burned with pain. Brandie insisted on driving him to the hospital but traffic was at a standstill so she put on her hazard lights and drove on the wrong side of the road.

“She’s like: 鈥業’m getting you to a hospital. I’m tired of people being in my way,’” Lemons recalled. “I’ve never seen my wife like that. I’m looking at her like, 鈥楾hat’s kinda sexy.’”

Lemons clapped and smiled at his wife, he said, to which she replied, “What are you smiling for? You just got shot.” He stayed in quiet admiration until they were stopped by a sheriff, who summoned an ambulance, Lemons said.

He was taken to the emergency room at University Health, which from the rally, including eight with gunshot wounds. Imaging showed the bullet barely missed an artery, Lemons said. Doctors cleansed the wound, put his leg in a brace, and told him to come back in a week. The bullet was still in his leg.

“I was a little baffled by it, but I was like, 鈥極K, whatever, I’ll get out of here,’” Lemons recalled.

When he returned, doctors removed the brace but explained they often leave bullets and fragments in the body 鈥 unless they grow too painful.

“I get it, but I don’t like that,” Lemons said. “Why wouldn’t you take it out if you could?”

University Health spokesperson Leslie Carto said the hospital can’t comment on individual patient care because of federal privacy laws.

Surgeons typically do remove bullets when they encounter them during surgery or they are in dangerous locations, like in the spinal canal or risking damage to an organ, said , a pediatric surgeon at Connecticut Children’s.

Campbell also chairs the Injury Prevention and Control Committee of the American College of Surgeons’ Committee on Trauma, which works on firearm injury prevention.

, a trauma surgeon by training and the founder of the in St. Louis, said the origins of trauma care also help explain why bullets are so often left.

“Trauma care is war medicine,” Punch said. “It is set to be ready at any moment and any time, every day, to save a life. It is not equipped to take care of the healing that needs to come after.”

In the survey of surgeons, the most common reasons given for removing a bullet were pain, a palpable bullet lodged near the skin, or an infection. Far less common were lead poisoning and mental health concerns such as post-traumatic stress disorder and anxiety.

What patients wanted also affected their decisions, the surgeons said.

Lemons wanted the bullet out. The pain it caused in his leg radiated up from his thigh, making it difficult to move for more than an hour or two. Working his warehouse job was impossible.

“I gotta lift 100 pounds every night,” Lemons recalled telling his doctors. “I gotta lift my child. I can’t work like this.”

He has lost his income and his health insurance. Another stroke of bad luck: The family’s landlord sold their rental home soon after the parade, and they had to find a new place to live. This house is smaller, but it was important to keep the kids in the same school district with their friends, Lemons said in an interview in Kensley’s pink bedroom, the quietest spot to talk.

They’ve borrowed money and raised to help with the deposit and car repairs, but the parade shooting has left the family in a deep financial hole.

Without insurance, Lemons worried he couldn’t afford to have the bullet removed. Then he learned his surgery would be paid for by donations. He set up an appointment at a hospital north of the city, where a surgeon took measurements on his X-ray and explained the procedure.

“I need you to be involved as much as I’m going to be involved,” he remembered being told, “because 鈥 guess what 鈥 this ain’t my leg.”

The surgery is scheduled for this month.

鈥榃e Became Friends’

Sarai Holguin isn’t much of a Chiefs fan, but she agreed to go to the rally at Union Station to show her friend the best spot to see the players on stage. It was an unseasonably warm day, and they were standing near an entrance where lots of police were stationed. Parents had babies in strollers, kids were playing football, and she felt safe.

A little before 2 p.m., Holguin heard what she thought were fireworks. People started running away from the stage. She turned to leave, trying to find her friend, but felt dizzy. She didn’t know she’d been shot. Three people quickly came to her aid and helped her to the ground, and a stranger took off his shirt and made a tourniquet to put on her left leg.

Holguin, a native of Puebla, Mexico, who became a U.S. citizen in 2018, had never seen so much chaos, so many paramedics working under such pressure. They were “anonymous heroes,” she said.

She saw them working on Lisa Lopez-Galvan, a well-known DJ and 43-year-old mother of two. Lopez-Galvan died at the scene, and was the sole fatality at the parade. Holguin was rushed to University Health, about five minutes from Union Station.

There doctors performed surgery, leaving the bullet in her leg. Holguin awoke to more chaos. She had lost her purse, along with her cellphone, so she couldn’t call her husband, Cesar. She had been admitted to the hospital under an alias 鈥 a common practice at medical centers to begin immediate care.

Her husband and daughter didn’t find her until about 10 p.m. 鈥 roughly eight hours after she’d been shot.

“It has been a huge trauma for me,” Holguin said through an interpreter. “I was injured and at the hospital without doing anything wrong. [The rally] was a moment to play, to relax, to be together.”

Holguin was hospitalized for a week, and two more outpatient surgeries quickly followed, mostly to remove dead tissue around the wound. She wore a wound VAC, or vacuum-assisted closure device, for several weeks and had medical appointments every other day.

Campbell, the trauma surgeon, said wound VACs are common when bullets damage tissue that isn’t easily reconstructed in surgery.

“It’s not just the physical injuries,” Campbell said. “Many times it’s the emotional, psychological injuries, which many of these patients take away as well.”

The bullet remains near Holguin’s knee.

“I’m going to have it for the rest of my life,” she said, saying she and the bullet became “compas,” close friends.

“We became friends so that she doesn’t do any bad to me anymore,” Holguin said with a smile.

Punch, of the Bullet Related Injury Clinic in St. Louis, said some people like Holguin are able to find a way to psychically live with bullets that remain.

“If you’re able to make a story around what that means for that bullet to be in your body, that gives you power; that gives you agency and choice,” Punch said.

Holguin’s life changed in an instant: She’s using a walker to get around. Her foot, she said, acts “like it had a stroke” 鈥 it dangles, and it’s difficult to move her toes.

The most frustrating consequence is that she cannot travel to see her 102-year-old father, still in Mexico. She has a live camera feed on her phone to see him, but that doesn’t offer much comfort, she said, and thinking about him brings tears.

She was told at the hospital that her medical bills would be taken care of, but then lots of them came in the mail. She tried to get victim assistance from the state of Missouri, but all the forms she had were in English, which made them difficult to comprehend. Renting the wound VAC alone cost $800 a month.

Finally she heard that the Mexican Consulate in Kansas City could help, and the consul pointed her to the Jackson County Prosecutor’s Office, with which she registered as an official victim. Now all of her bills are being paid, she said.

Holguin isn’t going to seek mental health treatment, as she believes one must learn to live with a given situation or it will become a burden.

“I have processed this new chapter in my life,” Holguin said. “I have never given up and I will move on with God’s help.”

鈥業 Saw Blood on My Hands’

Mireya Nelson was late to the parade. Her mother, Erika, told her she should leave early, given traffic and the million people expected to crowd into downtown Kansas City, but she and her teenage friends ignored that advice. The Nelsons live in Belton, Missouri, about a half hour south of the city.

Mireya wanted to hold the Super Bowl trophy. When she and her three friends arrived, the parade that had moved through downtown was over and the rally at Union Station had begun. They were stuck in the large crowd and quickly grew bored, Mireya said.

Getting ready to leave, Mireya and one of her friends were trying to call the driver of their group, but they couldn’t get cell service in the large crowd.

Amid the chaos of people and noise, Mireya suddenly fell.

“I saw blood on my hands. So then I knew I got shot. Yeah, and I just crawled to a tree,” Mireya said. “I actually didn’t know where I got shot at, at first. I just saw blood on my hands.”

The bullet grazed Mireya’s chin, shot through her jaw, broke her shoulder, and left through her arm. Bullet fragments remain in her shoulder. Doctors decided to leave them because Mireya had already suffered so much damage.

Mireya’s mother supports that decision, for now, noting they were just “fragments.”

“I think if it’s not going to harm her the rest of her life,” Erika said, “I don’t want her to keep going back in the hospital and getting surgery. That’s more trauma to her and more recovery time, more physical therapy and stuff like that.”

Bullet fragments, particularly ones only skin-deep, often push their way out like splinters, according to Punch, although patients aren’t always told about that. Moreover, Punch said, injuries caused by bullets extend beyond those with damaged tissue to the people around them, like Erika. He called for a holistic approach to recover from all the trauma.

“When people stay in their trauma, that trauma can change them for a lifetime,” Punch said.

Mireya will be tested for for at least the next two years. Her levels are fine now, doctors told the family, but if they get worse she will need surgery to remove the fragments, her mother said.

Campbell, the pediatric surgeon, said lead is particularly concerning for young children, whose developing brains make them especially vulnerable to . of lead 鈥 3.5 micrograms per deciliter 鈥 is enough to report to state health officials, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Mireya talks about cute teenage boys’ being “fine” but also still wears Cookie Monster pajamas. She appears confused by the shootings, by all the attention at home, at school, from reporters. Asked how she feels about the fragments in her arm, she said, “I don’t really care for them.”

Mireya was on antibiotics for 10 days after her hospital stay because doctors feared there was bacteria in the wound. She has had physical therapy, but it’s painful to do the exercises. She has a scar on her chin. “A dent,” she said, that’s “bumpy.”

“They said she was lucky because if she wouldn’t have turned her head in a certain way, she could be gone,” Erika said.

Mireya faces a psychiatric evaluation and therapy appointments, though she doesn’t like to talk about her feelings.

So far, Erika’s insurance is paying the medical bills, though she hopes to get some help from the United Way’s , which raised nearly $1.9 million, or a faith-based organization called .

Erika doesn’t want a handout. She has a job in health care and just got a promotion.

The bullet has changed the family’s life in big ways. It is part of their conversation now. They talk about how they wish they knew what kind of ammunition it was, or what it looked like.

“Like, I wanted to keep the bullet that went through my arm,” Mireya said. “I want to know what kind of bullet it was.” That brought a sigh from her mom, who said her daughter had watched too many episodes of “Forensic Files.”

Erika beats herself up about the wound, because she couldn’t protect her daughter at the parade.

“It hits me hard because I feel bad because she begged me to get off work and I didn’t go there because when you have a new position, you can’t just take off work,” Erika said. “Because I would have took the bullet. Because I would do anything. It’s mom mode.”

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]]> 1849826 Medical Providers Still Grappling With UnitedHealth Cyberattack: 鈥楳ore Devastating Than Covid鈥 /news/article/cyberattack-fallout-unitedhealth-change-healthcare-medical-providers-financial-instability/ Fri, 19 Apr 2024 16:45:00 +0000 /?post_type=article&p=1842658 Two months after a cyberattack on a UnitedHealth Group subsidiary halted payments to some doctors, medical providers say they’re still grappling with the fallout, even though UnitedHealth told shareholders on Tuesday that business is largely back to normal.

“We are still desperately struggling,” said , a therapist in Edina, Minnesota, who runs her own practice, Beginnings & Beyond. “This was way more devastating than covid ever was.”

Change Healthcare, a business unit of the Minnesota-based insurance giant UnitedHealth Group, controls a digital network so vast it processes nearly 1 in 3 U.S. patient records each year. The network is a critical conduit for shuttling information between most of the nation’s insurance companies and medical providers, who submit claims through it to get paid for treating patients.

For Benson, the cyberattack continues to significantly disrupt her business and her ability to pay her seven other clinicians.

Before the hack brought down the system, an insurance company would process a provider’s claim, then send a type of receipt known as an “electronic remittance,” which details the amount the provider was paid and whether the claim was denied. Without it, providers don’t know if they were paid correctly or how much to bill patients.聽

Now, instead of automatically handling those receipts digitally, some insurers must send forms in the mail. The forms require manual entry, which Benson said is a time-consuming process because it requires her to match up service dates and details to divvy up pay among her clinicians. And from at least one insurer, she said, she has yet to receive any remittances.聽聽

“I’m holding on to my sanity by a thread,” Benson said.

The situation is so dire, , a urologist who owns a practice in New York City, said he had to transfer money from his personal accounts to pay his office bills.聽聽

“Look, I am freaking out,” Shteynshlyuger said. “Everyone is freaking out. We are like monkeys in a cage. We can’t really do anything about it.”

Roughly 30% of his claims were routed through Change’s platform. Except for Medicare and certain Blue Cross plans, he said, he has been unable to submit claims or receive payment from any insurers.

The company is encouraging struggling providers to reach out to the company directly via , said Tyler Mason, vice president of communications for UnitedHealth Group.

“I don’t think we’ve had a single provider that hasn’t been helped that’s contacted us.” As part of that help, Mason said, UnitedHealth has sent providers $7 billion so far.

Ever since the February cyberattack forced UnitedHealth to disconnect its Change platform, the company has been working “day and night to restore services” and has made “substantial progress,” UnitedHealth CEO Andrew Witty told shareholders April 16.聽

“We see a fairly normal claims receipts and payments flow going on at this point,” Chief Financial Officer John Rex said during the shareholder call. “But we’ll really want to be careful on that because we know there are certain care providers out there that may have been left out of it.”

Rex said the company expects full operations to resume next year.

The company reported that the hacking has already cost it $870 million and that leaders expect the final tally to total at least $1 billion this year. To put that in perspective, the company reported $99.8 billion in revenue for the first quarter of 2024, an 8.6% increase over that period last year.

Meanwhile, the House Energy and Commerce Health Subcommittee held a hearing April 16 seeking answers on the severity and damage the cyberattack caused to the nation’s health system.

Subcommittee chair (R-Ky.) said a provider in his hometown is still grappling with the fallout from the attack and losing staff because they can’t make payroll. Providers “still haven’t been made whole,” Guthrie said.

Rep. (D-N.J.) voiced concern that a “single point of failure” reverberated around the country, disrupting patients’ access and providers’ financial stability.

Lawmakers expressed frustration that UnitedHealth failed to send a representative to the Capitol to answer their questions. The committee had sent Witty a list of detailed questions ahead of the hearing but was still awaiting answers.

As providers wait, too, they are trying to cover the gaps. To pay her practice’s bills, Benson said, she had to take out a nearly $40,000 loan 鈥 from a division of UnitedHealth.

素人色情片Health News is a national newsroom that produces in-depth journalism about health issues and is one of the core operating programs at KFF鈥攁n independent source of health policy research, polling, and journalism. Learn more about .

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This story can be republished for free (details).

]]> 1842658 He Thinks His Wife Died in an Understaffed Hospital. Now He鈥檚 Trying to Change the Industry. /news/article/nurse-ratios-understaffed-hospitals-michigan-legislation-detective-wife/ Fri, 19 Apr 2024 09:00:00 +0000 /?post_type=article&p=1838556 For the past year, police Detective Tim Lillard has spent most of his waking hours unofficially investigating his wife’s death.

The question has never been exactly how Ann Picha-Lillard died on Nov. 19, 2022: She succumbed to respiratory failure after an infection put too much strain on her weakened lungs. She was 65.

For Tim Lillard, the question has been why.

Lillard had been in the hospital with his wife every day for a month. Nurses in the intensive care unit had told him they were short-staffed, and were constantly rushing from one patient to the next.

Lillard tried to pitch in where he could: brushing Ann’s shoulder-length blonde hair or flagging down help when her tracheostomy tube gurgled 鈥 a sign of possible respiratory distress.

So the day he walked into the ICU and saw staff members huddled in Ann’s room, he knew it was serious. He called the couple’s adult children: “It’s Mom,” he told them. “Come now.”

All he could do then was sit on Ann’s bed and hold her hand, watching as staff members performed chest compressions, desperately trying to save her life.

A minute ticked by. Then another. Lillard’s not sure how long the CPR continued 鈥 long enough for the couple’s son to arrive and take a seat on the other side of Ann’s bed, holding her other hand.

Finally, the intensive care doctor called it and the team stopped CPR. Time of death: 12:37 p.m.

Lillard didn’t know what to do in a world without Ann. They had been married almost 25 years. “We were best friends,” he said.

Just days before her death, nurses had told Lillard that Ann could be discharged to a rehabilitation center as soon as the end of the week. Then, suddenly, she was gone. Lillard didn’t understand what had happened.

Lillard said he now believes that overwhelmed, understaffed nurses hadn’t been able to respond in time as Ann’s condition deteriorated. And he has made it his mission to fight for change, joining some nursing unions in a push for mandatory ratios that would limit the number of patients in a nurse’s care. “I without a doubt believe 100% Ann would still be here today if they had staffing levels, mandatory staffing levels, especially in ICU,” Lillard said.

Last year, Oregon became the second state after California to pass hospital-wide nurse ratios that limit the number of patients in a nurse’s care. Michigan, Maine, and Pennsylvania are now weighing similar legislation.

But supporters of mandatory ratios are going up against a powerful hospital industry to kill those efforts. And hospitals and health systems say any staffing ratio regulations, however well-intentioned, would only put patients in greater danger.

Putting Patients at Risk

By next year, the United States could have as many as 450,000 fewer nurses than it needs, according to . The hospital industry , an aging workforce, a large patient population, and an insufficient pipeline of new nurses entering the field.

But nursing unions say that’s not the full story. There are now in the country, more than ever before.

The problem, the unions say, is a hospital industry that’s been intentionally understaffing their units for years in order to cut costs and bolster profits. The unions say there isn’t a shortage of nurses but a shortage of nurses willing to work in those conditions.

The nurse staffing crisis is now affecting patient care. The number of Michigan nurses who say they know of a patient who has has nearly doubled in recent years, according to a Michigan Nurses Association survey last year.

Just months before Ann Picha-Lillard’s death, nurses and doctors at the health system where she died had asked the Michigan attorney general to investigate staffing cuts they believed were , including patient deaths, according to The Detroit News.

But Lillard didn’t know any of that when he drove his wife to the hospital in October 2022. She had been feeling short of breath for a few weeks after she and Lillard had mild covid infections. They were both vaccinated, but Ann was immunocompromised. She suffered from rheumatoid arthritis, a condition that had also caused scarring in her lungs.

To be safe, doctors at wanted to keep Ann for observation. After a few days in the facility, she developed pneumonia. Doctors told the couple that Ann needed to be intubated. Ann was terrified but Lillard begged her to listen to the doctors. Tearfully, she agreed.

With Ann on a ventilator in the ICU, it seemed clear to Lillard that nurses were understaffed and overwhelmed. One nurse told him they had been especially short-staffed lately, Lillard said.

“The alarms would go off for the medications, they’d come into the room, shut off the alarm when they get low, run to the medication room, come back, set them down, go to the next room, shut off alarms,” Lillard recalled. “And that was going on all the time.”

Lillard felt bad for the nurses, he said. “But obviously, also for my wife. That’s why I tried doing as much as I could when I was there. I would comb her hair, clean her, just keep an eye on things. But I had no idea what was really going on.”

Finally, Ann’s health seemed to be stabilizing. A nurse told Lillard they’d be able to discharge Ann, possibly by the end of that week.

By Nov. 17, Ann was no longer sedated and she cried when she saw Lillard and her daughter. Still unable to speak, she tried to mouth words to her husband “but we couldn’t understand what she was saying,” Lillard said.

The next day, Lillard went home feeling hopeful, counting down the days until Ann could leave the hospital.

Less than 24 hours later, Ann died.

Lillard couldn’t wrap his head around how things went downhill so fast. Ann’s underlying lung condition, the infection, and her weakened state could have proved fatal in the best of circumstances. But Lillard wanted to understand how Ann had gone from nearly discharged to dying, seemingly overnight.

He turned his dining room table into a makeshift office and started with what he knew. The day Ann died, he remembered her medical team telling him that her heart rate had spiked and she had developed another infection the night before. Lillard said he interviewed two DMC Huron Valley-Sinai nurse administrators, and had his own doctor look through Ann’s charts and test results from the hospital. “Everybody kept telling me: sepsis, sepsis, sepsis,” he said.

Sepsis is when an infection triggers an extreme reaction in the body that can cause rapid organ failure. It’s one of the in U.S. hospitals. Some experts say are preventable, while others say is far lower.

when sepsis is fast, which requires careful attention to small changes in vital signs. One study found that for every additional patient a nurse had to care for, the mortality rate from sepsis .

Lillard became convinced that had there been more nurses working in the ICU, someone could have caught what was happening to Ann.

“They just didn’t have the time,” he said.

DMC Huron Valley-Sinai’s director of communications and media relations, Brian Taylor, declined a request for comment about the 2022 staffing complaint to the Michigan attorney general.

Following the Money

When Lillard asked the hospital for copies of Ann’s medical records, DMC Huron Valley-Sinai told him he’d have to request them from its .

Like so many hospitals in recent years, the Lillards’ local health system had been absorbed by a series of other corporations. In 2011, the Detroit Medical Center health system was , which was backed by the private equity company Blackstone Group.

Two years after that, in 2013, Vanguard itself was , a for-profit company based in Dallas that, , operates 480 ambulatory surgery centers and surgical hospitals, 52 hospitals, and approximately 160 additional outpatient centers.

As health care executives face increasing pressure from investors, nursing unions say hospitals have been intentionally to and . Also, insurance reimbursements incentivize keeping nurse staffing levels low. “Hospitals are not directly reimbursed for nursing services in the same way that a physician bills for their services,” said , an associate professor of nursing in the at the University of Pennsylvania. “And because hospitals don’t perceive nursing as a service line, but rather a cost center, they think about nursing as: How can we reduce this to the lowest denominator possible?” she said.

Lasater is a proponent of mandatory nurse ratios. “The nursing shortage is not a pipeline problem, but a leaky bucket problem,” she said. “And the solutions to this crisis need to address the root cause of the issue, which is why nurses are saying they’re leaving employment. And it’s rooted in unsafe staffing. It’s not safe for the patients, but it’s also not safe for nurses.”

A Battle Between Hospitals and Unions

In November, almost one year after Ann’s death, Lillard told a room of lawmakers at the Michigan State Capitol that he believes the could save lives. The health policy committee in the Michigan House was holding a hearing on the proposed act, which would limit the amount of mandatory overtime a nurse can be forced to work, and require hospitals to make their staffing levels available to the public.

Most significantly, the bills would require hospitals to have mandatory, minimum nurse-to-patient ratios. For example: one nurse for every patient in the ICU; one for every three patients in the emergency room; a nurse for triage; and one nurse for every four postpartum birthing patients and well-baby care.

Efforts to pass mandatory ratio laws failed in last year after facing opposition from the hospital industry. In Minnesota, the Minnesota Nurses Association accused the Mayo Clinic of using “”: Mayo had told lawmakers it would in investment from the state if mandatory ratio legislation passed. Soon afterward, lawmakers from the legislation.

While Lillard waited for his turn to speak to Michigan lawmakers about the Safe Patient Care Act in November, members of the , which says it represents some , told lawmakers that its units were dangerously understaffed. They said critical care nurses were sometimes caring for up to 11 patients at a time.

“Last year I coded someone in an ICU for 10 minutes, all alone, because there was no one to help me,” said the nurses association president and registered nurse , reading from another nurse’s letter.

“I have been left as the only specially trained nurse to take care of eight babies on the unit: eight fragile newborns,” said , a registered nurse from the Grand Blanc area of Michigan.

said she has left full-time emergency room nursing, a job she believes is her calling. After her friend died in the hospital where she worked, she was left wondering whether understaffing may have contributed to his death.

“If the Safe Patient Care Act passed, and we have ratios, I’m one of those nurses who would return to the bedside full time,” Parker told lawmakers. “And so many of my co-workers who have left would join me.”

But not all nurses agree that mandatory ratios are a good idea.聽

While the supports enforceable ratios as an “essential approach,” that organization’s does not, saying there may not be enough nurses in the state to satisfy the requirements of the Safe Patient Care Act.

For some lawmakers, the risk of collateral damage seems too high. State Rep. said he worries that mandating ratios could backfire.

“We’re going to severely hamper health care in the state of Michigan. I’m talking closed wards because you can’t meet the ratio in a bill. The inability for a hospital to treat an emergent patient. So it feels kind of to me like a gamble we’re taking,” said Filler, a Republican.

Michigan hospitals are already struggling to fill some , according to the . That association says that complying with the Safe Patient Care Act would require hiring .

Every major health system in the state opposing mandatory ratios, saying it would force them to close as many as .

Lillard watched the debate play out in the hearing. “That’s a scare tactic, in my opinion, where the hospitals say we’re going to have to start closing stuff down,” he said.

He doesn’t think legislation on mandatory ratios 鈥 which are still awaiting a vote in the Michigan House’s health policy committee 鈥 are a “magic bullet” for such a complex, national problem. But he believes they could help.

“The only way these hospitals and the administrations are gonna make any changes, and even start moving towards making it better, is if they’re forced to,” Lillard said.

Seated in the center of the hearing room in Lansing, next to a framed photo of Ann, Lillard’s hands shook as he recounted those final minutes in the ICU.

“Please take action so that no other person or other family endures this loss,” he said. “You can make a difference in saving lives.”

Grief is one thing, Lillard said, but it’s another thing to be haunted by doubts, to worry that your loved one’s care was compromised before they ever walked through the hospital doors. What he wants most, he said, is to prevent any other family from having to wonder, “What if?”

This article is from a partnership that includes ,, and 素人色情片Health News.

素人色情片Health News is a national newsroom that produces in-depth journalism about health issues and is one of the core operating programs at KFF鈥攁n independent source of health policy research, polling, and journalism. Learn more about .

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